Determination of sowing qualities of seeds of agricultural cultures by method of its radio examination

Abstract

The work confirms that one of the most important indicators that determines the quality of the sowing material is its laboratory germination. In order to reduce the cost of time and money, simplifying the procedure for determining this indicator, it is proposed to calculate it due to the percentage content in the investigated seed material of high-quality and succulent seeds, detected by the method of radio examination. A close correlation between the results of laboratory germination and X-ray diffraction of seed material of a number of varieties and hybrids of winter rape and perennial ryegrass is established. On the basis of this, it is highly likely that according to the results of X-ray of the seeds one can determine one of the main indicators of their quality - laboratory germination. Seed production is one of the most important parts in maximizing the implementation of genetic potential, maintaining high purity, biological and yield properties in the process of propagation of a variety or heterozygous hybrid, which in aggregate would contribute to in-creasing its yield. Its main task is to provide agricultural producers with high quality seed material. However, for the present, the main focus is on improving the fertility of the soil (ferti-lization, melioration), improving the crop rotation, observing the timing and effective imple-mentation of agro technical operations, combating harvest losses (improving the design of harvesting machinery, desiccating crops), etc. Without denying the significant influence of these factors on the yield of agricultural crops, agricultural producers attach great importance to the use of seeds with high crop yields. They, as carriers of biological and economic properties of plants, predominantly determine the quality and quantity of cultivated crops. It is such a seed material, characterized by a set of valuable features, should be used for sowing in the conditions of modern agricultural production. The selection of this material is carried out on the basis of the results of analyzes conducted to determine its crop qualities.